The US DOE has spent more than $1 billion to study carbon capture projects since 2009, according to the GAO (Government Accountability Office) in 2021. Fourth, the CO2 needs a guarantee it will not leak through the caprock and contaminate aquifers.
Third, the CO2 needs to be injected more-or-less continuously by wells that are deeper than 3000 feet. Second, CO2 gases have to be cleaned, compressed and transported, hopefully by pipeline, to a suitable old oilfield (there are plenty of them in the US and the world). First, you have to separate the CO2 from other gases in the exhaust from the burning coal. Obstacle 3: The CCS process is complicated and expensive. Fossil fuel production and a CCS industry together will be too cumbersome and expensive and therefore impractical for energy firms to manage compared to developing renewable energies. This would require 20% year-over-year growth for decades to expand from current injections.Īn enormous new industry for CCS will have to be created - at least as large as the present oil and gas industry and possibly twice as large. But, according to Rystad Energy, the world will need to inject ~9 billion tons of CO2 eq per year by 2050.
Obstacle 2: The US and the world have storage capacity for CCS that could last thousands of years. COP26 in Glasgow ended when 197 nations out of 200 attendees agreed on wording to “phase down” coal.Ĭhina and India, both users of vast amounts of coal, and three other nations had pushed back on the wording “phase out” of coal within just the last hour of the conference, because they want to provide cheap power to new industries and to move huge populations to a higher quality of living – just like the west had done decades ago. Obstacle 1: Phasing out coal is preferred by many, because it’s such a dirty-burning fuel leading to pollution for both the lower (smog) and upper (greenhouse gases) atmosphere. In the larger picture of CCS there are four obstacles to saving coal and coal-fired power plants, such as the relaunch of Petra Nova.
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